1. AI:
1. Definition:
The study of Artificial Intelligence (AI) started in 1956 at Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence (AI) conference. The early definition of AI is straightforward. Indeed, any program can be treated as intelligence if it completes tasks that generally treated as intelligent in humans. It does not have to be as smart as a human. Whatever methods used by machine(e.g. computer) to complete human tasks can be considered as Artificial Intelligence.
“Turing test Test” was developed to test the intelligence of the machine in 1950. Over the decades, researchers tried to create Strong AI to pass the Turing test Test. Yet, conventional AI has been used in different fields to facilitate productivity or entertain human.
In general, AI is a sector of computer science. It aims to create machinery intelligent, which can think like a human. AI is designed to include one or more intelligence elements such as:
- Natural language processing
- Learning
- Knowledge
- Reasoning
- Planning
- Problem-solving
2.Reference:
- McCarthy, J., Minsky, M., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C.E. (2006). A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, August 31, 1955. AI Magazine, 27, 12-14.
- M. TURING; I.—COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE, Mind, Volume LIX, Issue 236, October 1 1950, Pages 433–460
- https://www.techopedia.com/definition/190/artificial-intelligence-ai
2. BIM:
1. Definition:
- Building Information Models (BIM) is a methodology that links the business processes undertaken during the construction of built facilities with the specification of information that is required by these processes, and a way to map and describe the information processes across the life cycle of construction works.
- BIM intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used during all stages of the life cycle of construction works, including briefing, design, documentation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition. It promotes digital collaboration between actors in the construction process and provides a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable and high-quality information exchange.
2. Reference:
ISO 29481-1:2016
3. VR:
1. Definition:
Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create a simulated environment. Unlike traditional user interfaces, VR places the user inside an experience. Instead of viewing a screen in front of them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D worlds. By simulating as many human senses as possible, e.g. vision, hearing, touch, even smell, the computer is transformed into a gatekeeper to this
2. Reference:
artificial world. The only limits to near-real VR experiences are the availability of content and cheap computing power.
https://www.marxentlabs.com/what-is-virtual-reality/
4. AR:
1. Definition:
- Augmented Reality (AR) is a type of interactive, reality-based display environment that takes the capabilities of computer-generated display, sound, text and effects to enhance the user’s real-world experience.
- AR combines real and computer-based scenes and images to deliver a unified but enhanced view of the world.
2. Reference:
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/4776/augmented-reality-ar